What do we understand by “perimenopause”?

Perimenopause refers to the transitional phase leading up to menopause, during which a woman's body undergoes hormonal and biological changes that ultimately culminate in the cessation of menstruation and the end of reproductive function. It typically begins several years before menopause, which is the point when a woman has not had a menstrual period for 12 consecutive months.

During perimenopause, hormone levels, particularly estrogen and progesterone, fluctuate irregularly, leading to a variety of symptoms such as:

- Irregular menstrual cycles: Periods may become irregular in frequency, duration, and flow.
- Hot flashes: Sudden feelings of intense heat, often accompanied by sweating and flushing of the skin.
- Night sweats: Hot flashes that occur during sleep, leading to night-time sweating.
- Mood swings: Fluctuations in hormone levels can contribute to mood changes, including irritability, anxiety, or depression.
- Sleep disturbances: Difficulty falling asleep or staying asleep, often due to night sweats or other symptoms.
- Vaginal dryness: Decreased estrogen levels can lead to thinning and dryness of the vaginal tissues, causing discomfort during intercourse.
- Changes in libido: Some women may experience changes in sexual desire or arousal.

Perimenopause typically lasts for several years, with the average duration being around 4 years but can vary widely among individuals. It marks the natural transition from the reproductive years to menopause and is a normal part of the aging process for women. However, the symptoms experienced during perimenopause can vary greatly in severity and impact from woman to woman